Tablets Are Not Only Being Accessed For Personal

The process for how businesses promote their brands, entertain their customers, communicate with their employees and complete business transactions has transformed through the years as technology has improved. Tablets are not only being accessed for personal use now, but they can also play an important role in the way a business is run, welcomes their customers, entertains their guests, and accounts for customers. Tablets can be found being used as interactive menus in restaurants and bars, concierge services, photo booths, concerts and sporting events, digital signage in grocery stores and clothing retailers and specialized point-of-sales. In some restaurants the consumer can find tablets sitting at every table, allowing the customers to†¦show more content†¦The healthcare industry is one example of the integration of tablets, they are being used by associates to schedule and confirm appointments, look at patient care information, and view diagnostic images, medical referen ces and E-prescribing. In addition to the healthcare industry the legal industry has implemented the use of tablets to be able to access documents as well as depositions wherever and whenever they are needed. Other industries that are quickly introducing tablets to their businesses include pharmaceuticals for e-detailing, a floor sales tool for retailing, and presentations, forms, decision tools, reference, video conferencing and configuring price quotes for field sales and service. Marketers are combining tablets for the use of Tradeshows, creative reviews, digital signage, and interactive brochures with business operations. How Tablets affect Business A business advantage of tablets and smartphones is that these items allow businesses to communicate with business partners and clients from anywhere. One of the major business appeals of tablets is that the electronic can offer businesses the power to do more by combining flexibility, convenience, ease of use and security in perfectly portable packages. Tablet computers are powerful business tools that can deliver a significant productivity boost for business because tablets can integrate with your business’s other systems,

Gay Marriage Persuasive Essay - 941 Words

Introduction: You walk into class and see pop quiz written on the board. Everyone sits down and the bell rings for class to begin. The teacher makes an announcement and says everyone that is failing my class does not have to take this quiz everyone else grab your pencils. How do the rest of you feel? How is that fair? How does a grade make me different from the other people? You probably feel discriminated. How does a grade decipher what I get and dont get in life? So how should a gender decipher who you can and cant get married too? Same sex marriage has been illegal in many states for awhile now. Very few states have legalized it. Many many people believe it is not right. Then you have the other people that believe gender should†¦show more content†¦Claim: Some people may say or think that the birth rates would go down and that the generations to come would get smaller and smaller, my response to you is two words. Death rates. Death rates would decrease majorly if these la ws were taken away. How would death rates go down? You hear about storys on the news about people committing suicide for various reason. Have you ever looked into that? Homosexual kids are five times more likely to commit suicide because they are in an unsupportive community. Four out of five kids attempt to commit suicide due to this reason. Two out of those five actually succeed. So take a second and lets think about this. We have about 30 kids in here...now imagine about 10 of those kids committing suicide because of there sexuality. How does that make you feel? Some people may say that God made Adam and Eve. Also, if you look at the verse Hebrews 13:4-7 Marriage should be honored by all, and the marriage bed kept pure, for God will judge the adulterer and all the sexually immoral.... The bible specifically states that God will judge the adulterer and all the sexually immoral. So why do people think it is there job to judge the homosexual? Why do people feel the need to hurtShow MoreRelatedGay marriage persuasive essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesGay Marriage in the United States The debate between whether gay marriage should be legalized or not has been a controversial topic recently. In the past twelve years, equal marriage rights have been legalized in 6 states of the U.S.. Eighteen states do not allow gay marriage and do not recognize civil unions. The other twenty six states allow civil unions, and some are debating legalizing gay marriage. Gay marriage should be legal across the United States. Not allowing gay marriage in any stateRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gay Marriage956 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s society, there are certain stereotypical people that are uninterested in gay or lesbian marriage. Everyone should have the right to decide on who they would like to marry. Gay marriage should be legal and a non-punishable offense because it can prevent teenage suicides, more children will be adopted, and people will not feel like second-class citizens. If humanity was to acquire gay marriage, it would lower and prevent some teen suicides. Most teens are deciding and revealing what pathRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gay Marriage761 Words   |  4 PagesLove is universal for everyone no matter what race, sexual orientation, or religion. However, one cultural difference that is effected by society is gay marriage. Gay marriage should be viewed as equal to straight marriage and all over the world be viewed as socially equal. Three things that prevent gay marriage from being viewed equal are religion, political issues, and stereotyping in regards to sexual orientation. I have been raised in a gender equal house all my life and this has influenced meRead MoreGay Marriage Persuasive Speech Essay1562 Words   |  7 Pagesdoing my presentation in a fictional persona called Alyssa. Hi everyone my name is Alyssa, and I’m Gay. It’s not such a big deal; I’m just like all the other women in the world, except I prefer women over men. One day I would like to marry a woman, but at the moment the government is restricting me from doing so. We live in a democratic society where we believe in equal rights don’t we? Well why don’t gay couples have the same rights as heterosexual couples? The Law is obviously old and out-dated, asRead MoreMarriage Equality2061 Words   |  9 PagesSame sex marriage is one of the most controversial trends that appear in the world today. In today’s society most of us are taught that a marriage should be a union between a man and a woman, as well as, same sex relationships being a sin because it is looked down upon by God. Despite the criticism of gay marriage many states such as Massachusetts, California, New York, and Oregon have made same sex marriage legal. In the fight for gay marriage political essay such as â€Å"Gay â€Å"Marriage†: Societal Suicide†Read More Equal Rights for All Essays918 Words   |  4 PagesEqual Rights for All Gay marriage has always been a subject of great controversy. Andrew Sullivan addresses this issue in his persuasive essay entitled â€Å"Let Gays Marry.† Sullivan’s essay appeared in Newsweek in June of 1996. Through his problem/solution structure of this essay, Sullivan uses rhetorical appeals to try and persuade the audience to accept gay marriage as a natural part of life. Sullivan, an editor of The New Republic, also wrote Virtually Normal: An ArgumentRead More Let Gays Marry and Leave Marriage Alone Essay1278 Words   |  6 PagesI will summarize some of the key points from the essay, Let Gays Marry, by Andrew Sullivan, and the essay, Leave Marriage Alone, by William Bennett. Some of these main points are taken from mutual beliefs of both authors and others are derived from the opposing opinions of the two. The first summary of Andrew Sullivan’s essay is a reflection of Andrew Sullivan’s stance of the issue. The original essay was in favor of allowing same sex marriage in America. My summary will dictate some of theRead MorePersuasive Essay873 Words   |  4 PagesEvan Bennett November 4, 2010 Persuasive Essay Gay discrimination is a major problem that affects individuals all across the country. The Defense of Marriage Act needs to be repealed. First, the Defense against Marriage Act will be explained and then why it needs to be repealed, then the effects the law has on society. The federal government needs to give same sex couples the same health benefits that heterosexual couples receive. Currently, the government offers employees benefits such as healthRead MoreLegalisation of Same Sex Marriage and the Impact on Family Values1340 Words   |  6 PagesPersuasive Essay Legalisation of Same Sex Marriage and the Impact on Family Values Lately there has been a great deal of discussion over legalising same sex marriage. To some people; there is no problem with it. However this is a controversial matter and there is still a great deal of debate ongoing in some countries, including this one, whether homosexual couples should continue to be denied the rights that straight couples enjoy. There is no reason why homosexuals relationships should beRead MoreCritique Of The Gay Marriage Is Good For America1445 Words   |  6 PagesCritique of Sullivan’s â€Å"Why Gay Marriage is Good for America† Debates about gay marriage continue to simmer within American public discourse, though much of the more heated rhetoric has calmed since the earliest efforts to legalize same-sex marriage succeeded in numerous states. These debates have spanned many topics, ranging from religion to politics and beyond. Andrew Sullivan, a prominent gay and self-described conservative political commentator, addressed one angle of the issue in his July 19

English Free Essays

GRADE 12 GRAAD 12 NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE P3 NOVEMBER 2010 MEMORANDUM MARKS: 100 This memorandum consists of 9 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P3 2 NSC – Memorandum DBE/November 2010 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION This memorandum must be used together with the attached English FAL assessment rubrics for SECTIONS A, B and C. SECTION A: ESSAY QUESTION 1 Instructions to Markers: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Candidates are required to write an essay of 250 to 300 words (1 to 1 ? pages) on ONE topic only. We will write a custom essay sample on English or any similar topic only for you Order Now Full credit must be given for the candidate’s own interpretation. Marking must be objective. Consider the background of the candidate and give credit for relevant ideas. Use the 50-mark assessment rubric to mark the essays. The texts produced by candidates must be assessed according to the following criteria as set out in the attached rubric: o Content and planning (32 marks) o Language, style and editing (12 marks) o Structure (6 marks) NOTE: Do not impose additional penalties as any deviations are addressed by the rubric. 1. 1 Write an essay that includes the following words: This was truly money well spent. †¢ †¢ Narrative/Reflective essay The words given in the topic MUST be included somewhere in the essay. The candidate has to indicate what the money was spent on and why it was worthwhile. [50] 1. 2 Write an essay that includes the following words: This experience has made me realise that †¦ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Reflective/Narrative essay The words given in the topic MUST be included somewhere in the essay. The essay must be written in the first person. The candidate must relate the experience and say what the realisation has been. The experience may be an observed one or one about which the candidate may have read. The experience must be personalised to indicate what the candidate has realised. Please turn over [50] Copyright reserved English First Additional Language/P3 3 NSC – Memorandum DBE/November 2010 1. 3 Should alcohol and cigarettes be advertised in the mass media? Discuss your views. †¢ †¢ †¢ Argumentative/Discursive essay The candidate must express his/her point of view and provide substantiation/motivation. The essay must be written in the first person. [50] 1. 4 An amazing performance! †¢ †¢ †¢ Descriptive/Reflective/Narrative essay The essay may be about ANY performance. The essay must indicate why the performance is/was amazing. [50] 1. 5 A truly remarkable person †¢ †¢ †¢ Reflective/Descriptive essay The person described in the essay may be well-known or known only to the candidate. The essay must focus on what makes the person remarkable in the candidate’s view. [50] 1. 6 We are destroying our planet. †¢ †¢ Discursive/Descriptive/Argumentative/Reflective essay The candidate may agree/disagree with the statement and provide motivation or describe/reflect on how the planet is being destroyed. [50] 1. 7 That smile really changed my day. †¢ †¢ Descriptive/Narrative essay Description/Narration of the candidate’s day before and after the smile. The candidate’s thoughts and feelings after the smile. [50] 1. 8 Interpretation of pictures. †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ The candidate may interpret a picture in any way. The candidate may choose to write ANY type of essay. The interpretation sho uld be linked to the pictures. The candidate should give the essay a suitable title. The candidate may write in any appropriate tense. TOTAL SECTION A: [50] 50 Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P3 4 NSC – Memorandum DBE/November 2010 SECTION B: LONGER TRANSACTIONAL TEXT QUESTION 2 Instructions to Markers: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Candidates are required to answer ONE question. The body of each response must be between 120 and 150 words (about 12 to 15 lines) in length. Marking must be objective. Consider the background of the candidates and give credit for relevant ideas. Use the 30-mark assessment rubric to mark the responses in this section. The texts produced by candidates must be assessed according to the following criteria as set out in the attached rubric: o Content, planning and format (20 marks) o Language, style and editing (10 marks) NOTE: No additional penalties may be imposed as any deviations are addressed by the rubric. 2. 1 INTERVIEW †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ 2. 2 The interview must be between the manager of a government department and the candidate as an applicant for the bursary. The interview should be about the candidate’s application for a bursary. The register and tone of the interview must be formal. The dialogue format must be used. [30] FORMAL LETTER †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ The letter should be addressed to the manager of a company. The content should include references to the success of the event and thanks for the sponsorship. The tone and register of the letter should be formal. The following aspects of format should be included: o Address of sender o Date o Address of recipient o Greeting/Salutation (e. g. Sir, Madam, Dear Sir, Dear Madam, Dear Mr Smith) o Subject line/heading o Suitable ending (Yours sincerely/Yours faithfully) o Signature and printed name of sender. [30] Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P3 5 NSC – Memorandum DBE/November 2010 2. 3 NEWSPAPER ARTICLE †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ The article must have a heading/headline. The article must be written in paragraphs. The suggestions/advice/tips may be bulleted/numbered. The tone and register of the article may be formal or informal. The article must be on how to avoid becoming a victim of crime, i. e. the suggestions should be about preventive measures. [30] 2. 4 REPORT †¢ †¢ †¢ The report may but need not have headings. The tone and register of the report should be formal. The report must be on the injury sustained by a team member from the perspective of the captain of the team, including the action taken afterwards, e. g. first-aid rendered, transportation to the hospital and treatment. The report must be signed and dated. †¢ [30] TOTAL SECTION B: 30 Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P3 6 NSC – Memorandum DBE/November 2010 SECTION C: SHORTER TEXT – TRANSACTIONAL/REFERENTIAL/INFORMATIONAL QUESTION 3 Instructions to Markers: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Candidates are required to answer ONE question. The body of each response must be between 80 and 100 words (about 8 to 10 lines) in length. Marking must be objective. Consider the background of the candidates and give credit for relevant ideas. Use the 20-mark assessment rubric to mark the responses in this section. The texts produced by candidates must be assessed according to the following criteria as set out in the attached rubric: o Content, planning and format (13 marks) o Language, style and editing (7 marks) No additional penalties may be imposed as any deviations are addressed by the rubric. ADVERTISEMENT †¢ †¢ †¢ 3. 2 The advertisement should include details about the product and persuade readers to buy it. The language, tone and register may be informal. Do not award marks for illustrations. NOTE: 3. 1 [20] FORMAL INVITATION †¢ †¢ †¢ The invitation must be addressed to the RCL president of a neighbouring school. The tone and register of the invitation must be formal. Important details of the event must be included (e. g. date, time, venue dress code, the name of the speaker and RSVP details). NOTE: Accept BOTH the invitation card and the formal letter format. [20] 3. 3 DIRECTIONS †¢ †¢ The directions given must be from Lucky’s Supermarket (point X) to the post office (point Y). Candidates must make reference to streets AND landmarks on the route that they have chosen. [20] TOTAL SECTION C: GRAND TOTAL: 20 100 NOTE: There is more than one route to the post office. Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P3 NSC – Memorandum DBE/November 2010 SECTION A: RUBRIC FOR ASSESSING AN ESSAY – FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE (50) Code 7: Outstanding 80 – 100% 26 – 32 -Content shows impressive insight into topic. -Ideas thoughtprovoking, mature. -Planning /or drafting has produced a virtually flawless, excellent essay. 10 – 12 -C ritical awareness of impact of language. -Language, punctuation effectively used. Figurative language used. -Choice of words highly appropriate. -Style, tone, register highly suited to topic. -Virtually error-free following proofreading editing. Code 6: Meritorious 70 – 79% 22? – 25? Content shows good interpretation of topic. -Ideas imaginative, interesting. – Planning /or drafting has produced a well-crafted very good essay. Code 5: Substantial 60 – 69% 19? – 22 -Content shows a sound interpretation of the topic. -Ideas interesting, convincing. – Planning /or drafting has produced a presentable essay. Code 4: Adequate 50 – 59% 16 – 19 -Content an adequate interpretation of topic. -Ideas ordinary, lacking depth. – Planning /or drafting has produced a satisfactorily presented essay. 6–7 -Some awareness of impact of language. -Language simplistic, punctuation adequate. Choice of words adequate. -Style, tone, regi ster generally consistent with topic requirements. -Still contains errors following proofreading, editing. Code 3: Moderate 40 – 49% 13 – 15? -Content ordinary. Gaps in coherence. -Ideas mostly relevant. Repetitive. – Planning /or drafting has produced a moderately presentable coherent essay. 5 – 5? -Limited critical language awareness. -Language ordinary punctuation often inaccurately used. -Choice of words basic. -Style, tone register lacking in coherence. -Contains several errors following proofreading, editing. Code 2: Elementary 30 – 39% 10 – 12? Content not always clear, lacks coherence. -Few ideas, often repetitive. -Inadequate evidence of planning/drafting. Essay not well presented. 4 – 4? -Language punctuation flawed. -Choice of words limited. -Style, tone, register inappropriate. -Error-ridden despite proofreading, editing. Code 1: Not achieved 0 – 29% 0 – 9? -Content irrelevant. No coherence. -Ideas repetit ive. -Non-existent planning/drafting. Poorly presented essay. CONTENT PLANNING (32 MARKS) 8? – 9? -Critical awareness of impact of language. -Language, punctuation correct; able to include figurative language correctly. Choice of words varied correctly used. -Style, tone, register appropriately suited to topic. -Largely error-free following proofreading, editing. 4? -Logical development of details. Coherent. -Sentences, paragraphs logical, varied. -Length correct. 7? – 8 -Critical awareness of language evident. -Language punctuation mostly correct. -Choice of words suited to text. -Style, tone, register suited to topic in most of the essay. -By and large errorfree following proofreading, editing. 0 – 3? -Language punctuation seriously flawed. -Choice of words inappropriate. -Style, tone, register flawed in all aspects. Error-ridden confused following proofreading, editing. LANGUAGE, STYLE EDITING (12 MARKS) 5–6 -Coherent development of topic. Vivid detail. -Sentences, paragraphs coherently constructed. -Length in accordance with requirements of topic. 4 -Several relevant details developed. -Sentences, paragraphs well constructed. -Length correct. 3 – 3? -Some points, necessary details developed. -Sentences, paragraphing might be faulty in places but essay still makes sense. -Length almost correct. 2? -Some necessary points evident. -Sentences, paragraphs faulty but ideas can be understood. -Length – too long/short. 2 0 – 1? STRUCTURE (6 MARKS) -Sometimes off topic. -Off topic. General line of -Sentences, thought difficult to paragraphs muddled, follow. inconsistent. -Sentences, Length – far too paragraphs long/short. constructed at an elementary level. -Length – too long/short. [From: Examination Guidelines: Languages Paper 3/2 – January 2009] Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/Paper 3 8 NSC – Memorandum DBE/November 2010 SECTION B: RUBRIC FOR ASSESSING LONGER TRANSACTIONAL TEXTS – FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE (30) Code 7: Outstanding 80 – 100% 16 – 20 -Specialised knowledge of requirements of the text. Disciplined writing – maintains thorough focus, no digressions. -Text fully coherent in content ideas all detail support the topic. -Evidence of planning /or drafting has produced a virtually flawlessly presentable text. -Has applied all the necessary rules of format/outstanding. Code 6: Meritorious 70 – 79% 14 – 15? -Good knowledge of requirements of the text. -Disciplined writing – learner maintains focus, hardly any digressions. -Text is coherent in content ideas, with all details supporting the topic. -Evidence of planning /or drafting has produced a well crafted, presentable text. Has applied the necessary rules of format/meritorious. Code 5: Substantial 60 – 69% 12 – 13? -Fair knowledge of requirements of the text. -Writing – learner maintains focus, with minor digressions. -Text is coherent in content ideas, and details support the topic. -Evidence of planning /or drafting has produced a presentable good text. -Has applied most of the necessary rules of format/substantial. Code 4: Adequate 50 – 59% 10 – 11? -Adequate knowledge of requirements of the text. -Writing – learner digresses from topic but does not impede overall meaning. Text adequately coherent in content ideas some details support the topic. -Evidence of pla nning /or drafting has produced a satisfactorily presented text. -Has applied an adequate idea of the requirements of format. Code 3: Moderate 40 – 49% 8 – 9? -Moderate knowledge of requirements of the text. Response to writing task reveals a narrow focus. -Writing – learner digresses, meaning is vague in places. -Text moderately coherent in content ideas and has basic details which support the topic. -Evidence of planning /or drafting has produced a moderately presentable coherent text. Has a moderate idea of requirements of format – some critical oversights. 4 – 4? -Text is basically constructed. Several errors. -Vocabulary is limited not very suitable for the purpose, audience context. -Lapses in style, -Text contains several errors following proofreading, editing. -Length – too long/short. Code 2: Elementary 30 – 39% 6 – 7? -Elementary knowledge of requirements of the text. Response to writing task reveals a limited foc us. -Writing – learner digresses, meaning is obscure in places. -Text not always coherent in content ideas, and has few details which support the topic. Inadequate planning /or drafting. Text not well presented, -Has vaguely applied the necessary rules of format. Code 1: Not achieved 0 – 29% 0 – 5? -No knowledge of requirements of the text. -Writing – learner digresses, meaning is obscure in places. -Text not coherent in content ideas, too few details to support topic. -Planning/ drafting non- existent. Poorly presented text. -Has not applied the necessary rules of format. CONTENT, PLANNING FORMAT (20 MARKS) 8 – 10 -Text is grammatically accurate well constructed. -Vocabulary is very appropriate to purpose, audience context. -Style, tone, register very appropriate. Text virtually errorfree following proofreading, editing. -Length correct. 7 – 7? -Text is well constructed accurate. -Vocabulary is mostly appropriate to purpose, audience context. -Style, tone and register mostly appropriate -Text largely errorfree following proofreading, editing. -Length correct. 6 – 6? -Text is well constructed easy to read. -Vocabulary is appropriate to purpose, audience context. -Style, tone, register generally appropriate. -Text mostly errorfree following proofreading, editing. -Length correct. 5 – 5? -Text is adequately constructed. Errors do not impede flow. Vocabulary is adequate for the purpose, audience context. -Style, tone, register adequately appropriate. -Text still contains a few errors following proofreading, editing. -Length almost correct. 3 – 3? -Text is poorly constructed difficult to follow. -Vocabulary requires remediation not suitable for purpose, audience context. -Style, tone register inappropriate. -Text error-ridden despite proofreading, editing. -Length – too long/short. 0 – 2? LANGUAGE, STYLE EDITING (10 MARKS) -Text is poorly constructed and muddled. -Vocabular y requires serious remediation not suitable for purpose. Style, tone register do not correspond with topic -Text error-ridden and confused following proofreading, editing. -Length – far too long/short. [From: Examination Guidelines: Languages Paper 3/2 – January 2009] Copyright reserved Please turn over English First Additional Language/P3 9 NSC – Memorandum DBE/November 2010 SECTION C: RUBRIC FOR ASSESSING SHORTER TRANSACTIONAL/REFERENCE/INFORMATIONAL TEXTS FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE (20) Code 7: Outstanding 80 – 100% 10? – 13 -Specialised knowledge of requirements of text. -Disciplined writing – learner maintains thorough focus, no digressions. Text fully coherent in content ideas, and all details support topic. -Evidence of planning /or drafting has produced a virtually flawless, presentable text. -Has applied all the necessary rules of format. Code 6: Meritorious 70 – 79% 9? – 10 -Good knowledge of requirements of text. - Disciplined writing – learner maintains focus, hardly any digressions. -Text is coherent in content ideas with all details supporting the topic. -Evidence of planning /or drafting has produced a well crafted presentable text. -Has applied the necessary rules of format. Code 5: Substantial 60 – 69% 8–9 -Fair knowledge of requirements of the text. Writing – learner maintains focus, with minor digressions. -Text is coherent in content ideas, and details support topic. -Evidence of planning /or drafting has produced a presentable and good text. -Has applied most of the necessary rules of format. Code 4: Adequate 50 – 59% 6? – 7? -Adequate knowledge of requirements of text. -Writing – learner digresses but does not impede overall meaning. -Text adequately coherent in content ideas and some details support topic. -Evidence of planning /or drafting has produced a satisfactorily presented text. -Has applied an adequate idea of the require ments of format. Code 3: Moderate 40 – 49% 5? – 6 -Moderate knowledge of requirements of the text. Response to writing task reveals a narrow focus. -Writing – learner digresses, meaning vague in places. -Text moderately coherent in content ideas and has basic details which support the topic. -Evidence of planning /or drafting that has produced a moderately presentable coherent text. -Has a moderate idea of requirements of the format – some critical oversights. 3 -Text is basically constructed. Several errors. -Vocabulary is limited and not very suitable for purpose, audience and context. -Lapses in style, tone and register. Text contains several errors following proofreading, editing. -Length – too long/short. Code 2: Elementary 30 – 39% 4–5 -Elementary knowledge of requirements of the text. Response to writing task reveals a limited focus. -Writing – learner digresses, meaning obscure in places. -Text not always coherent in content ideas, an d has few details which support topic. -Planning/drafting inadequate. Text not well presented, -Has vaguely applied the necessary rules of format. Code 1: Not achieved 0 – 29% 0 – 3? -No knowledge of requirements of the text. -Writing – learner digresses, meaning is obscure in places. Text not coherent in content ideas and too few details to support the topic. -Planning and drafting non-existent. Poorly presented text. -Has not applied the necessary rules of format. CONTENT, PLANNING FORMAT (13 MARKS) 6–7 -Text is grammatically accurate and well constructed. -Vocabulary is very appropriate to purpose, audience and context. -Style, tone, register very appropriate. -Text virtually errorfree following proofreading and editing. -Length correct. 5 – 5? -Text is well constructed and accurate. -Vocabulary is mostly appropriate to purpose, audience and context. -Style, tone and register mostly appropriate. Text largely errorfree following proofreading, e diting. -Length correct. 4? -Text is well constructed and easy to read. -Vocabulary is very appropriate to purpose, audience and context. -Style, tone, register generally appropriate. -Text mostly errorfree following proofreading, editing. -Length correct. 3? – 4 -Text is adequately constructed. Errors do not impede flow. -Vocabulary is adequate for purpose, audience context. -Style, tone and register adequately appropriate. -Text still contains few errors following proofreading, editing. -Length almost correct. 2? -Text is poorly constructed and difficult to follow. Vocabulary requires some remediation and not suitable for purpose, audience and context. -Style, tone and register inappropriate. -Text error-ridden despite proofreading, editing. -Length – too long/short. 0–2 -Text is poorly constructed and muddled. -Vocabulary requires serious remediation not suitable for purpose. -Style, tone register do not correspond with topic -Text error-ridden and confuse d following proofreading, editing. -Length – far too long/short. LANGUAGE, STYLE EDITING (7 MARKS) [From: Examination Guidelines: Languages Paper 3/2 – January 2009] Copyright reserved How to cite English, Papers English Free Essays You need to introduce both texts (because essay is about both texts) and integrate the clip. E. G. We will write a custom essay sample on English or any similar topic only for you Order Now Scene with wine glass where Eugene and Jerome essay question: dyspeptic texts are upsetting but contain a sense of adventure. In both Enders Game and in Cataract we are presented with futuristic aspects which are quite disturbing. From the use of child soldiers in the former to the multinational corporation in the latter both texts present the future to be an unknown quantity that is With the future aspect of an unknown quantity, both texts show an anticipated future. In both texts, both characters are novices to their chosen endeavourer. While Vincent is there voluntarily, Ender is circuited into a program, he is not given the ability to opt out. What their missions in life entail Integrate technique into it. Contextual issues determine what kind of future it is. With genetic experimentation ion on in the 1 9905 is developed in Cataract where individuals have the ability to control the traits displayed in their children. Each paragraph is a fractal. It is a small essay. What an introduction is to an essay, the topic sentence is to a paragraph. Both ender and Vincent share an excitement about the future even though both protagonists have suffered in order to get there. How to cite English, Papers English Free Essays UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education LITERATURE (ENGLISH) Paper 3 Unseen Additional Materials: *6929925437* 0486/32 May/June 2010 1 hour 20 minutes Answer Booklet/Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST If you have been given an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. We will write a custom essay sample on English or any similar topic only for you Order Now Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Answer either Question 1 or Question 2. You are advised to spend about 20 minutes reading the question paper and planning your answer. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. Both questions in this paper carry equal marks. This document consists of 5 printed pages and 3 blank pages. DC (CB) 15833/4  © UCLES 2010 [Turn over www. XtremePapers. net 2 Answer either Question 1 or Question 2. EITHER 1 Read carefully the poem on the opposite page. How do the poem’s images present to you the speaker’s approach to life’s challenges and guide your feelings towards him? To help you answer this question, you might consider: †¢ †¢ †¢ the various different parts of the ‘emergency kit’ and what they mean for you the ways in which the poet creates a voice and attitude for the speaker and reveals how he sees life the impact and imagery of the last four lines, and how they make you feel about the rest of the poem.  © UCLES 2010 0486/32/M/J/10 www. XtremePapers. net Emergency Kit When I find myself among a laughing tribe, I know they hide something from me; I conjure up a laughter box whose button I press to outlaugh1 them all. As long as they hear their music, they leave me free; I don’t want to surrender all I have. I am a moving stump in the forest of men and if I stray into a towering company, those more than a kilometre from the undergrowth, I release stilts from my soles; I d on’t want to be looked down upon by the very top ones. I collapse the long legs when I step into where giants are the required offerings to the gods of the race. I have a lifesaver installed in my body just in case I am knocked into some deep river; unless I come out alive, I will be declared evil – who ever wants his adversary2 to have the last word on him? So when a hunter stalks me to fill his bag, I call on my snake from nowhere to bite him. Folks, let’s drink ourselves to death in the party as long as we wear sponges in the tongue; let’s stay awake in our unending dream so that nobody will take us for gone and cheat us out of our lives. 1 2 outlaugh : laugh more than adversary : enemy  © UCLES 2010 0486/32/M/J/10 [Turn over ww. XtremePapers. net 4 OR 2 Read carefully this extract from a novel set in the nineteenth century. In the novel, Mr Clennam is trying to get information from the ‘Circumlocution Office’, a government department which prefers talking about things to doing anything. He wants to see an official called Mr Tite Barnacle, but instead only manages to see his son. The Barnacle family occu py most of the posts in the corrupt department. How does the writing encourage you to dislike the Circumlocution Office and its officials, and admire Mr Clennam’s ability to get around them? To help you answer this question, you might consider: †¢ †¢ †¢ the way Barnacle Junior, the office and its furnishings are described how the dialogue illustrates the differences between Mr Barnacle and Mr Clennam, and why Clennam emerges victorious the ways in which the language of the whole passage is partly comical and partly angry. Mr. Arthur Clennam made his fifth inquiry for Mr. Tite Barnacle1 one day at the Circumlocution2 Office; having on previous occasions awaited that gentleman successively in a hall, a glass case, a waiting room, and a fire-proof passage where the department seemed to keep its wind. On this occasion Mr. Barnacle was not engaged, as he had been before, with the noble prodigy at the head of the Department; but was absent. Barnacle Junior, however, was announced as a lesser star, yet visible above the office horizon. With Barnacle Junior, he signified his desire to confer; and found that young gentleman singeing the calves of his legs at the parental fire, and supporting his spine against the mantelshelf. It was a comfortable room, handsomely furnished in the higher official manner; and presenting stately suggestions of the absent Barnacle, in the thick carpet, the leather-covered desk to sit at, the leather-covered desk to stand at, the formidable easy-chair and hearth-rug, the interposed screen, the torn-up papers, the dispatch-boxes3 with little labels sticking out of them, like medicine bottles or dead game, and a general bamboozling4 air of How not to do it. The present Barnacle, holding Mr. Clennam’s card in his hand, had a youthful aspect, and the fluffiest little whisker, perhaps, that ever was seen. Such a downy tip was on his callow chin, that he seemed half fledged like a young bird; and a compassionate observer might have urged, that if he had not singed the calves of his legs, he would have died of cold. He had a superior eye-glass5 dangling round his neck, but unfortunately had such flat orbits to his eyes, and such limp little eyelids, that it wouldn’t stick in when he put it up, but kept tumbling out against his waistcoat buttons with a click that discomposed him very much. ‘Oh, I say. Look here! My father’s not in the way6, and won’t be in the way today,’ said Barnacle Junior. ‘Is there anything that I can do? ’ (Click! Eye-glass down. Barnacle Junior quite frightened and feeling all round himself, but not able to find it. ) ‘You are very good,’ said Arthur Clennam. ‘I wish however to see Mr. Barnacle. ’ ‘But I say. Look here! You haven’t got any appointment, you know,’ said Barnacle Junior.  © UCLES 2010 0486/32/M/J/10 www. XtremePapers. net 5 (By this time he had found the eye-glass, and put it up again. ) ‘No,’ said Arthur Clennam. ‘That is what I wish to have. ‘But I say. Look here! Is this public business? ’ asked Barnacle Junior. (Click! Eye-glass down again. Barnacle Junior in that state of search after it, that Mr Clennam felt it useless to reply at present. ) ‘Is it,’ said Barnacle Junior, taking heed of his visitor’s face, ‘any thing about – Tonnage7 – or that sort of thing? ’ (Pausing for a reply, he opened his right eye with his hand and stuck his glass in it, in that inflammatory manner that his eye began watering dreadfully. ) ‘No,’ said Arthur, ‘it is nothing about tonnage. ’ ‘Then look here. Is it private business? ’ ‘I really am not sure. It relates to a Mr. Dorritt. ’ ‘Look here, I tell you what! You had better call at our house, if you are going that way. Twenty-four, Mews Street, Grosvenor Square. My father’s got a slight touch of the gout, and is kept at home by it. ’ (The misguided young Barnacle evidently going blind on his eye-glass side, but ashamed to make any further alteration in his painful arrangements. ) ‘Thank you. I will call there now. Good morning. ’ Young Barnacle seemed discomfited at this, as not having at all expected him to go. You are quite sure,’ said Barnacle Junior, calling after him when he got to the door, unwilling to relinquish the bright business idea he had conceived; ‘that it’s nothing about Tonnage? ’ ‘Quite sure. ’ With which assurance, and rather wondering what might have taken place if it had been anything about tonnage, Mr. Clennam withdrew to pursue his inquiries. 1 2 barnacle: a shellfish that clings to the bottom of a ship circumlocution: using lots of words when a few would do 3 dispatch-boxes: boxes containing important documents 4 bamboozling: confusing 5 eye-glass: a monocle 6 not in the way: not available 7 Tonnage: a form of tax or duty UCLES 2010 0486/32/M/J/10 www. XtremePapers. net 6 BLANK PAGE  © UCLES 2010 0486/32/M/J/10 www. XtremePapers. net 7 BLANK PAGE  © UCLES 2010 0486/32/M/J/10 www. XtremePapers. net 8 BLANK PAGE Copyright Acknowledgements: Question 1  © Jo Shapcott Mathew Sweeney (eds. ); Tanure Ojaide; Emergency Kit: Poems for Strange Times; Faber. Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.  © UCLES 2010 0486/32/M/J/10 www. XtremePapers. net How to cite English, Essay examples English Free Essays ? IB DIPLOMA PROGRAMME PROGRAMME DU DIPLOME DU BI PROGRAMA DEL DIPLOMA DEL BI N04/1/A1ENG/SP1/ENG/TZ0/XX 88040083 ENGLISH A1 – STANDARD LEVEL – PAPER 1 ANGLAIS A1 – NIVEAU MOYEN – EPREUVE 1 INGLES A1 – NIVEL MEDIO – PRUEBA 1 Friday 12 November 2004 (afternoon) Vendredi 12 novembre 2004 (apres-midi) Viernes 12 de noviembre de 2004 (tarde) 1 hour 30 minutes / 1 heure 30 minutes / 1 hora 30 minutos INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES ? Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. ? Write a commentary on one passage only. It is not compulsory for you to respond directly to the guiding questions provided. We will write a custom essay sample on English or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, you may use them if you wish. INSTRUCTIONS DESTINEES AUX CANDIDATS ? N’ouvrez pas cette epreuve avant d’y etre autorise(e). ? Redigez un commentaire sur un seul des passages. Le commentaire ne doit pas necessairement repondre aux questions d’orientation fournies. Vous pouvez toutefois les utiliser si vous le desirez. INSTRUCCIONES PARA LOS ALUMNOS ? No abra esta prueba hasta que se lo autoricen. ? Escriba un comentario sobre un solo fragmento. No es obligatorio responder directamente a las preguntas que se ofrecen a modo de guia. Sin embargo, puede usarlas si lo desea. 8804-0083 pages/paginas http://www. xtremepapers. net –2– N04/1/A1ENG/SP1/ENG/TZ0/XX Write a commentary on one passage only. It is not compulsory for you to respond directly to the guiding questions provided. However, you are encouraged to use them as starting points for your commentary. 1. (a) I was lucky. I was not the eldest son. For that reason not much was expected from me. I was left to myself a great deal, and enjoyed much freedom. My appearance and demeanour did not pose a threat to anyone. I was a very ordinary boy. You see me now as a Sultan, surrounded by all the symbols of power. You are impressed and, possibly, even a bit frightened. You worry that if you exceed certain proprieties your head might roll in the dust. This fear is normal. It is the effect which power has on the Sultan’s subjects. But this same power can transform even the most diminutive personality into a figure of large proportions. Look at me. If you had known me when I was a boy and Shahan Shah was my oldest brother you would never have imagined that I could be the Sultan of Misr, and you would have been right. Fate and history conspired to make me what I am today. The only person who saw something in me was my paternal grandmother. When I was nine or ten years old, she saw me and a group of my friends trying to kill a snake. As boys we would compete with each other in these foolish things. We would try and grab a snake by its tail and then swing it, before crushing its head on a stone or, as the braver ones among us did, stamping on its head with our feet. My grandmother, having observed this scene carefully, shouted at me. â€Å"Yusuf! Yusuf ibn Ayyub! Come here at once! † The other boys ran away, and I walked slowly towards her, expecting a blow around my ears. My grandmother had a legendary temper and, so Shadhi had once told me, she had struck my father across the face when he was a grown man. No one dared to ask the cause of such a public display. My father had left the room and, so they say, mother and son did not speak to each other for a year. In the end, it was my father who apologized. To my amazement, she hugged me and kissed me in turn on both my eyes. â€Å"You are fearless, boy, but be careful. Some snakes can strike back, even when you have them by the tail. † I remember laughing with relief. She then told me of a dream she had experienced before I was born. You were still inside your mother’s belly. I think you kicked a great deal. Your mother used to complain sometimes that she felt she was going to give birth to a colt. One night I dreamt that a large man-swallowing snake was crawling towards your mother, who was lying uncovered in the sun. Your mother opened her eyes and began to sweat. She wanted to move, but could not lift her body. Slowly the snake crawled towards her. Then suddenly, like the door of a magical cave, her belly opened. An infant walked out, sword in hand, and, with one mighty blow, decapitated the serpent. Then he looked at his mother and walked back into her stomach. You will be a great warrior, my son. It is written in your stars and Allah himself will be your guide. † My father and uncle laughed at my grandmother and her foolish dreams, but even at that time this interpretation undoubtedly had a positive effect on me. She was the first person to take me seriously. Tariq Ali, The Book of Saladin (1998) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 8804-0083 –3– – What is the role of conflict or power in this passage? – How important are emotions to this passage ? N04/1/A1ENG/SP1/ENG/TZ0/XX – How does the style of the passage affect the way the material is presented? – How do shifts in time contribute to the effect of the passage? 804-0083 Turn over / Tournez la page / Vease al dorso –4– 1. (b) Summer Solstice, Batticaloa, Sri Lanka N04/1/A1ENG/SP1/ENG/TZ0/XX The war had turned inward until it resembled suicide. The only soothing thing was water. I passed the sentries, followed the surf out of sight. I would si nk into the elements, become simple. 5 Surf sounds like erasure, over and over. I lay down and let go, the way you trust an animal. When I opened my eyes, all down the strand small crabs, the bright yellow of a crayon, had come out onto the sand. Their numbers, scattered, resembled the galactic spill and volume of the stars. I, who had lain down alone, emptied, waked at the center of ten thousand prayers. Who would refuse such attention. I let it sweeten me back into the universe. I was alive, in the midst of great loving, which is all I’ve ever wanted. The soldiers of both sides probably wanted just this. Marilyn Krysl, Warscape with Lovers (1997) – In what ways does the poet reveal an attitude toward war in the poem? – How important is the natural setting to the poem’s meaning? – In what ways does the poet use comparison? – Is this a poem of thinking, or feeling, or both? 10 15 8804-0083 How to cite English, Papers English Free Essays Just been appointed as a principal in a local school located in a rural area. During the first week in the school, you realized that many of the teaching staffs are having low morale because of the problems with truancy and poor performance of the school. You intend to change this situation to enable the school to achieve a better level of performance and improve staff motivation. We will write a custom essay sample on English or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this case, it seems that I am placed as a principal in a rural school that needed serious change; else the petition of this school resumes going downhill. As soon as I am posted there, I decided to inquire information and feedbacks from the teachers and the other employees to get a grasp on what is going on in the school and what is the cause of the teachers’ low morale in this workplace and analyze the case. Apart from getting facts and figures of the status of the school, I also casually ask them on their opinions on how to improve the school so that I get the gist of what they want and needs to be changed. Based on this, I theorized that the low morale of the educators and the high evils of truancy that is occurring in this school can be connected to each other. Low morale of the educators seems to stem from the truancy of the students. Most of the teachers question themselves whether their hard work will bear any fruit as the students’ truancy cases became worse day by day. The teachers’ doubts then results in their morale decreasing which affects the teaching quality. From the students’ standpoint, it seems that their discipline is at a point of disarray caused by the low morale of the teachers. They made their own conclusion that the teachers are caching them unwillingly (a simple misunderstanding) which caused them even less motivated to study; hence the increasing numbers of truancy cases. If this keeps up, the situation will get worse beyond repair. Thus, I must intercede this ongoing process that progressing negatively with a careful research that ends with a solution(s) that can overturn the situation and start churning quality students educated by motivated teachers. The first step to do this is to refer to several models and theories regarding leadership and the human needs that can I can use as the principal. Leadership According to Merriam-Webster dictionary, a leader is defined as ‘someone who leads or guides others’ and ‘someone powerful that controls or influences other people do’. On the other hand, Leadership has been described as â€Å"a process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task† (Wisped). Liker (1967) suggests that there are four types of leadership, and they are Exploitive authoritative, Benevolent authoritative, Consultative and Participative. In his suggestions, it all revolves around decision-making and to the degree of people that are involved in the decision. Out of the four styles, exploitive authoritative seems to be the worse style as the leader uses threats and fear-based methods to ‘motivate’ the workers and have low concern for the workers. Instead, I should use the best out of the four styles, which is the ‘participative style’, as this style leader to engage with workers (teachers) frequently and forms physiological bond in the process. This is exactly what should be practiced in the school as it caters the current organization’s need, in the sense that the teachers should always be close in dire situations, which increases the teachers’ oral. In addition, since the decisions will rely heavily on consensus, they would probably will have more commitment on making it happen as they are the ones suggested it. Human needs I should also ponder upon the basic human needs of the people that are involved (students, teachers, administrators, etc. ) and try satisfy it as it will be the catalyst to succeed my plans of restoration of the school’s status. Basic needs of humans have stages, and must be attained before moving from one stage to another, referring to the Mascots hierarchy of needs (Abraham Moscow, 1943). The first stage is the psychological needs (food, water, sex, etc), second is safety needs (security of health, employment, property, etc. ), third is love and belonging (friends and family), fourth is esteem (self-esteem, respect of others, and respect by others) and lastly, self- actualization (morality, creativity, lack of prejudice). The more stages that is covered, more motivation and esteem will build up, which is good in this situation. However, the way I see it, currently most of the teachers do not even pass the second stage, as most of them don’t even feel safe in their workplace having students that are running lid as of late. However, I intend to change this and try to satisfy their needs up to the fourth stage (fifth if possible) in hopes of boosting their motivation and hopefully unearth their full potential at work. Action plan (First half year) Constructing Visions and Missions The first half year of my service as the principal in this school is considered to be the most vital time, as it will determine whether positive changes are possible to be made or vice versa. As it is important, I must carefully fabricate plans that bring result with the highest possibility of it being successful. For starters, it should be repaper from ground up; therefore a good start would be constructing visions and missions as a guideline for the teachers and students to refer to create a better environment in school Just as the Ruckus Engage did for the country. The vision and mission of the school are as follows; Vision Provide top notch teaching experience. Instill the value of teamwork in every situation. To churn out students of equal quality to Cluster school students. Constantly break the limit of the current performance. Mission To inculcate more student-centered lessons and activities. To conduct events that promotes friendship and togetherness. To improve the quality of the education provided. To provide a healthy environment physically and mentally. The visions and missions that I have made focuses on curbing the problems that lingers the school. It is made with moderate goals to prevent failures; which might result in decreasing the morale of the teachers and students. Analyzing the Situation The next step is to make a SOOT analysis; (acronym for strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats). As the acronym suggests, we should look into these four aspects to further understand the present standpoint of the school, and provide with interacts that will aid neutralizing the situation. For strength; it is always good for us search for what is great about the school and what makes it better than other schools; this is because it should remain even after the changes made by me in this half year. I believe what’s good, should stay good, or better yet, try to make it even better. As for weaknesses; it should be searched thoroughly as l, if possible, would want to eliminate all weaknesses of this school. As stated in the title, the main weakness of this school is two things: low morale of the teachers and high levels of truancy of the students. Though it may seem farfetched to completely purge the weakness, it is definitely feasible to reduce the main problems greatly within half a year. Opportunities are always present in every situation; this school is not an exception. As we go along in this first half year, we (the teachers and l) will try to find ways and time to set up events that promotes the mission and vision that I have constructed earlier. We might also try to align our events with others schools to encourage teamwork and form bonds with said schools. Lastly is threats; this is where we should pinpoint the students who are causing problems after problems. This is important because by weeding out the bad students from the lists, we can operate our plans better as we try to solve them as well. Strategies to Combat the Schools’ Problems Tackling students’ truancy habits It seems that the teachers’ low morale is heavily caused by the high levels of truancy; in which I should look into. After carefully looking into the situation and make investigations myself, in addition to the SOOT analysis, it seems that the main reason that the students play truant was not because of the teachers’ low motivation, but more to external factors, such as the environment, their family background and level f proficiency of the students. The school is situated in a rural area, and it is covered in nature; a perfect playground for the students to run around and this is definitely way more interesting than learning in class; from a student standpoint. A solution that I came up with is that we should construct lesson plans that tilt towards student- centered activities. Furthermore, the topics must be connected with their schemata, so that it is easier for them to involve in class. This in turn will help them learn in the process. Boosting the teachers’ motivation In the SOOT analysis, it also showed several reasons why the teachers are not titivated to do their Job, and it was obvious that the students are one of the main reasons, apart from working in an unhygienic office. When I first walked in the workplace, the first thing I noticed was how unrealized the position of the teachers’ seating, and how unclean the room was. It might seem petty, but the workplace plays a huge part in affecting their quality of their teaching, according to the Herders Motivation-Hygiene theory (Frederick Herbert, 1950). Herbert theorized that in order to boost the employees’ motivation, it is important that we satiate their Job distraction. To put it in words, there are several factors that interest employees to work such as giving recognition and offering them responsibility, and there are points that provide them with dissatisfaction such as low salary, lack of security and company policy. It is my Job to make my employers offer them factors of satisfaction, and lessen or eliminate factors of dissatisfaction in order to maximize their Job satisfaction, which in turn will definitely boost their motivation. Conclusion Making a huge change for a school that is in a rural area requires detail planning ND research, adding the fact that the duration is short (half year). Even with the elaborate fabrication of plans, it is vital that it goes on track. It is easy for us to plan, but it can be challenging to change the mindset of the local students, teachers and administrators as they have their own norm and beliefs. We should work on making them believe some parts of their norm should be replaced with alternatives that can improve their lives, as well as the school. The trick is to get them not only accept these changes, but to also believe that it actually is affective. This in turn will unlock the true potential of this school. How to cite English, Papers English Free Essays America documents the lives and stories of those undocumented immigrants migrating to the U. S for a better life but with the status of being undocumented comes great deal of hardship. The Immigrant are moving to the United State to have a better life because they have a background off poor economy In their home country. We will write a custom essay sample on English or any similar topic only for you Order Now But to have an undocumented status comes In great deal of Issues, Immigrants cannot support their family because of working in poor jobs. Being undocumented Immigrants, they do not having same working rights as American but they are doing jobs the American don’t want. The difficult jobs are in horrible conditions, which could kill them in the process. Bosses who abused their powers by paying the workers less and not letting them speak their rights. We learned that majority of undocumented immigrants migrates to the U. S to achieve the American Dream, but in the end, It Is Just a false hope. It takes much hardship and struggles just to be a legal in America and, for the undocumented, they overcome the struggles by working art. The American Dream was a hope for Diana, an immigrant from Peru, who made her have the decision to migrate to the U. S for a better Job and better opportunity, But to have an undocumented status made her realize, life of living In the U. S would be difficult. Her various Jobs as a cleaner were horrible and basically her life was mainly consumed by working: â€Å"It was hard work; all jobs here are hard. Life become monotonous: work and home, and then back to work again† (21). Her idea of the American Dream to have better economic opportunity was false and although Diana was living the U. S, she has struggles with working hard. Her life became a tiring routine. But despite working hard, Diana fought for her rights as an undocumented immigrant and worker who wanted to have the same rights as citizens yet she was treated unfairly and were put Into Jails, thus treating her Like a criminal who had no respect: â€Å"But there were no rights for us in jail, or anywhere. Our rights aren’t respected. I’m resentful of that. What angers me is that there are so many people here who live on the edge of the law. What they do goes unpunished. But I was treated like a criminal. My only crime was working hard† (30). The ICE put the undocumented workers included her into Jail because of their status of being an Immigrant which angers Diana, because she felt Like her rights were being strip away and many other people who done wrongful things get away with It. Diana worked hard to make a better living for herself and in the end of it all, she was treated wrong because of being undocumented. This is important because it shows immigrants are being mistreated because of their status and put in blame for something they worked so hard to Just to earn money. That were taken place in his home country Guatemala that made him had the session to work at a young age as a farmer in Mexico to support his family. Although it was tough to work in a Job where he was completely alone and had nobody with him, his only reason to support his family. His idea of America being the dream of better opportunity, migrating to America to achieve that dream but realizing it is not what he thought it would be. He experiences the imbalance of power his boss had over him: â€Å"But I was always afraid because my boss threatened me and sometimes he carried a gun. I would tremble in fear of him† (122). Their boss would abused their rower by discriminate the immigrants because of their status of being undocumented and denied their rights and were always getting beat down for it. Also their boss would put them in dangerous working condition where they wouldn’t train them professionally in result of death due to that: â€Å"this machine was very dangerous, and no one ever explained to us how it functioned† (124). In addition there was a death that occurred, â€Å"And this other person, my friend, who was still in the machine–he died. He died in the machine. It was absolutely horrible† (124). The worker died in result because they didn’t get the training they need of how to work n the machine by which would be the lead of a death result. This is important because most immigrant workers would have Jobs where it’s in horrible condition and be put in dangerous situation. Finally, There was Roberto who at young age till he was a grown man experience working for dirty Jobs. He managed to migrate to the U. S alone because of the strained relationship with his father and so on his own he was able to find a Job as a farm worker which was in horrible working condition: â€Å"Radishes ooze a lot of stuff that also makes you very itchy, gives you sores – I think it’s from the chemicals they spray on them† (61). The Job, they work had chemicals that would irritates their skin and the field conditions were unsafe for immigrants that works day and by day in the sun from hard work that was dangerous to do. It proves they do the Jobs the Americans don’t want. It would be in horrible condition and in a harsh environment where it is unsafe for them but immigrants were put in those Jobs that would pay in a few amount of money Just to make a decent living for not only themselves but for their families as well. The America Dream for the undocumented immigrants who thought it was the land of opportunities and redeem was a false hope because most undocumented immigrants strives to put themselves and their families into a place where they can achieve this dream but in reality it’s a real struggle because of all the hard work they have to endure which included Roberto who worked so hard to support his family. This is important because undocumented immigrants come to the United State for the America Dream because of the poor economy in their home country or their background of coming from a poor family that made a decision to support them but in the end, we all struggle to make a better life for ourselves through hard work, we would overcome it. How to cite English, Papers English Free Essays

Go and Come Back free essay sample

The author of Go and come back, Joan Abelove, acutely makes us realize that. The author, Joan Abelove has won many awards for Go and come back; It was chosen as ‘an ALA notable book,’ ‘an ALA best book for young adults,’ and ‘a 1999 Los Angeles Times book prize finalist. ’ Her first book, Go and come back is a fiction based on real places, experiences, and people. The people who live in the village of Poincushmana in Peru only know each other. However, one day, two white women, who are strangers come to Poincushmana to study the people’s lives. Everybody is fascinated and mesmerized by the two white anthropologists, Joanna and Margarita. So, the tribe people allow Joanna and Margarita to live with them in the village. Despite the fact that Joanna and Margarita’s unique behaviors and boxes full of mysterious things seem very interesting to the Peruvian tribe, the main character, Alicia does not like that Joanna and Margarita are going to live in the village. However, due to the fact that Alicia, Joanna, and Margarita are not friends from the beginning, makes this book more impressive. Reading that total strangers have become part of the family, even though when there is no similarity between them, is beautiful enough to warm our hearts. Everybody would be able to feel the line that connects each person in the tribe, including Joanna and Margarita. Although there are no big sensations, the quiet and tranquil friendship between Alicia and Joanna is so intimate that it is enough to make us not lonely, And thus, I want to recommend this book to people who are lonely and apart from their families. Go and comeback made me(whose family is in another country) realize that there is always a line that connects a family, even though the family is 1000 miles apart from each other. Moreover, I also realized that I have a place to return to. For example, at the end of the book , when it is time for Margarita and Joanna to leave, Alicia tells them, â€Å"†Catanhue†, I said, Go and come back. † (177) The word â€Å"Catanhue† was more powerful than â€Å"I love you,† or â€Å"I will never forget you,† or any other words. The phrase, â€Å"Go and come back† to me, seemed like a sign of eternal connection between family. Moreover, Go and come back plant abiding belief in people, about people. For example, when Joanna feels guilty because she thought that she made Margarita sick, Alicia goes to her and tells her, â€Å"How can you think you have such power, to be able to harm people? No, it can’t be. Only if you ate a tabooed food, or asked a witch to cast a spell. People don’t have that kind of power over each other by accident, by chance, for no reason, without spending much time learning to be a witch. No. You can only harm people if you mean to. † (75) Everybody knows that people have power to harm other people. However, influenced by the author’s unique and memorable writing style, we are mysteriously convinced that people do not have such power to harm people. We are strangely assimilated with the author, and Abelove’s writing leads us to have credence in people. Go and come back is a book that people can finish in a short time, despite the fact that it contains a theme that can affect many people, especially people who are lonely. This book tells us that a family is always connected and we all have place to return to. At the end, Joan Abelove’s dreamy yet, realistic style of writing is not a waste of time to explore. In Joan Abeloves Go and Come Back, married women have boyfriends, teen-agers have sex and become mothers, couples invent excuses to slip off to the bushes for amorous encounters and everyone skinny-dips in the river. Were all this activity happening in the Hamptons it would raise an eyebrow or two, but since the ovel takes place in a village in the Peruvian jungle we have to look with fresh eyes, brows at ease. The author did her doctoral research in cultural anthropology in the Amazon jungle more than 25 years ago, and this, her first novel, is based on her experiences there. Instead of narrating events as the pale explorer recording the oddities of the dark savages, she has written the story through the eyes of a young woman in the village who is alternately intrigued and appalled by the behavior of the two strange white women who come to stay for a year. Missionaries pass through and want to change the toilet habits of the Isabo (the fictive name the author gives the people of the region), but the anthropologists are there to observe and take notes. While the narrator, Alicia, does gain a measure of new perspective (she gets a ride in an airplane near the end of the book to see her village from a birds-eye view), it is the two visitors, Joanna and Margarita, who change the most. Alicia instructs them in everything from cleanliness to the proper behavior of boyfriends. They learn what it means to be hospitable and generous. Abelove offers us a radical view of property. When the two white women have more sugar, more beads or more liquor than the villagers, the villagers simply take what they want: the sin is in having too much when others have less, not in stealing. When property is theft, theft is proper. We also learn that when you wash a turtle, it will rain. What is work? What is hygiene? What is family? What is death? Alicia explains about sex: Even little boys who have sex for the first time bring their little girlfriends gifts, just a little something, some fruit or nuts. It is what sex is about, a trade, a barter, an exchange. Go and Come Back provides a nice antidote to the fear that surrounds sex in our culture. It has no steamy scenes of lovemaking, just matter-of-fact conversation and giggling. Abeloves writing is charming, although in striving for the simple language used between people who dont understand each other it reads as though intended for a younger audience than it really is. Ther e is not enough plot to the novel, but by its end the reader has nonetheless become attached to the characters and their relationships. We are left with a lot to think about in our own culture why we think the things we think and do the things we do. On the afternoon the white women arrive at her village, Alicia is baffled: Why do they sing songs that have no meaning? Shboom, shboom is nice music, but its nonsense. After a year of sharing and learning on both sides, she and Joanna listen to a cassette and have this conversation: What does it say? I asked. If she talked she wouldnt cry. It says, In the end, at the end of it all, the love you have, the friendship you have, the love you are left with, is just the same, is only the same, as the love you gave, the love, the friendship you had for others. Of course, I said. Who didnt know that? That is why it is so important to learn not to be stingy, I said. Now, in the end, you finally understand. Yes, she said. But your music, your bug music, was telling you that all along. Yes. But the Beatles, our bug music, said it a little different. They also are saying that as much love as you have in the end is only how much love you made, how much push-push you did in your life. These bugs know something about life, dont they? I said. The lesson: We all live in a yellow submarine, and its a good idea to try to understand one another so we can enjoy the ride. I saw this book at one of the big bookstores downtown and just couldn’t take my eyes off the cover. I was fascinated by the pattern of the tattoo and perhaps because it is kinda greenish. I assume this is Alicia’s picture, the main character of the book. The background location was her village of Poincushmana, located deep inside the Peruvian Jungle of Amazon. It was during early 1970s. Alicia’s tribe is called Isabo, the people of little monkeys. â€Å"Go and come back† is said as â€Å"catanhue† in Isabo language to reply when someone says good bye. Alicia, in my opinion, is a sweet and sensitive person. She thinks and considers others’ feeling before she does something or says something so that it wouldn’t hurt people. Alicia felt herself to be less attractive because she is rather serious and skinny compared to Elena, her cousin (also her best friend), who is short, fat, with round cheeks and has a big hearty laugh. Definition of beauty for the Isabos reflects the culture and lifestyle. A beauty is for someone who is fat and round (because eating meat was quite luxurious in the village, perhaps only once a week after the men returned from hunting), has flattened forehead, has bind anklets and wears loads of beads and accessories. Days at the Poincushmana changed one day after two white females (nawa) anthropologists arrived to live with the Isabos for one year, in exchange for medicine supplies. They were doing research for their thesis. It turned out that these two nawa were weird (because they wore pants though they didn’t have penises), stingy (they had so many things and never shared, so the Isabos had to steal from them), lazy (never worked like any of Isabos women, only sitting and writing and asking so many questions) and impolite (they were so dirty and insulting the cleanliness of the village because they didn’t wet their hairs on morning showers while morning is the most important time to start your day). The difference in thinking and sharing is part of one’s upbringing. To survive in their jungle, Alicia and the Isabos were used to share everything (especially food) with everyone. Alcohol is a famous thing in the jungle because its taste and effects to the drinkers could lighten a party, thus the presence of alcohol in the village for the Isabos means party time. In contrast, that wasn’t the case with Margarita and Joanna, because they came from America, they were more used to alcoholic drinks. Alicia and the Isabos only knew their own world so they thought their culture was the correct one. Alicia believed that these nawa were very ignorant about many things, so she tried to help them to understand her culture. I have been to a similar situation so I could feel the confusions, angers and depressions of Margarita and Joanna being strangers in the middle of the Isabos. It’s like whatever you do is always wrong, even though you’ve tried so hard to please them. It’s never going to be enough! Alicia’s decision to adopt one nawa baby emphasised more of her personality. She was only a teenager and still unmarried; young and naive, I suppose. Adopting a nawa baby is surely one big responsibility even for adults in her village. But from Alicia’s perspective, she was just saving a life and it had nothing to do with skin colours. She did try hard to care for the baby. Her motherhood ability was provided by nature (Sure every woman has the thing. Remember when we were young we used to play with dolls and barbies pretending they were our kids? :). As the book is targeted for younger readers, the flow is simple and easy to follow. I could easily imagine how the village looks like with its neat lines of river, houses, path and kitchens, as described by the author. The wordings are a mixture of English and Isabo, which confused me in the beginning. Nevertheless, I could grasp some Isabo words later on to add onto my vocabulary database, how cool is that? hehe†¦ 😉 Cultural clashes on the story reminded me of my first months in the foreign country where I now live. Trust me, we could always learn something good from other cultures by being open-minded (listen more and ask more, that really helps). With that, foreign country would not be so â€Å"foreign† in the end. Hahuetian raibirai, whatever that would be.

Beowulf Research Paper Essays

Beowulf Research Paper Essays Beowulf Research Paper Essay Beowulf Research Paper Essay Essay Topic: Beowulf Im doing my three page research paper over Beowulf, the story of a warrior from ancient times when monsters, goblins, and demons still plagued the Earth that we live on still today. Beowulf was a tall tale told for many, years to children before they fell asleep at night. Its a story that has been around from 720-796 a. d. And hasnt gotten old yet, because it inspires people and tells people what real hero’ s are capable of and what theyre made of and the limits they can surpass all on their own will and strength. Beowulf isnt just a play, a movie, or a video game. ts also a poem that is considered to be the longest and most amazing poems in existence in Old English. It has been taken care of in the Cotton Vitellius A XV manuscript, in the British Museum, which was written around 1000 years ago scientists do believe. Scientists have not found a literary source for the amazing story of Beowulf. Many of the characters in Beowulf belong to the Germanic tradition of storytelling t hat has been shared throughout the years. The story of Beowulf, however, goes something along the lines of this.. Beowulf begins with a history of the great Danish King Scyld. King Hrothgar, Scyld’s great-grandson, is well loved by his people and successful in war. He builds a lavish hall, called Heorot, to house his vast army, and when the hall is finished, the Danish warriors gather under its roof to celebrate. Now Grendel is a monster who lives at the bottom of a nearby swamp, and is provoked by the singing and celebrating of Hrothgars friends, family, and followers. He appears at the hall late one night and kills many of the warriors in their sleep. For the next twelve years, the fear of Grendels fury and anger casts a shadow over the lives of the Hrothgar and his followers. Hrothgar and his followers cannot think of anything to calm the Grendels anger. Prince of the Geats, Beowulf, hears about Hrothgars trouble with the monster Grendel, puts together a band of warriors of the bravest Geat warriors he could find, and sets sail from his home in southern Sweden. The Geats are greeted by the members of Hrothgars court, and Beowulf boasts to the king of his previous battles won as a warrior, especially his success in fighting the monsters that once lived in the sea.. well until he killed them anyways. Hrothgar welcomes the arrival of all of the Geat warriors, hoping that Beowulf and his warrior friends will live up to the expectations that Hrothgar has for them. Because little did Beowulf know what he was up against this time around. On the same night that Beowulf and his warriors came, Grendel came in the pitch black of night and attacked! Beowulf, being the amazing and strong warrior that he is, bare handedly wrestled Grendel for his life and in the end Beowulf tore off Grendels arm and claimed it as a trophy of his glorious battle with Grendel. The wounded monster, knowing that it was time to retreat, hurried back to his watery hell of a swamp. As Hrothgar promised, for Beowulfs courage, bravery, and honor, Hrothgar gave Beowulf a great amount of treasure for his trouble and kindness. Little did Beowulf and his warriors know though that Grendel had a mother, and she was coming back with revenge. Grendels mother comes at night when all is quiet and all the warriors are sleeping, and she takes away with her one of Hrothgars followers in the dead of night. She also takes with her, her son’s claw that Beowulf had claimed from Grendel as a trophy. Beowulf, being the hero of this whole story, goes to track down this fierce beast. So Beowulf goes down deeper and deeper into the watery hell where Grendel once lived and his mother still lives, and he comes upon Grendels mother. Thank goodness that before Beowulf had lept into the sea his warrior friend gave him his sword, and he called it Hurnting. Once Beowulf found the mother the fighting began, after a horrible, epic battle Beowulf won, stabbing Grendels mother through the chest with a magical sward he had found on the wall, (blessed with strong magic from Giants, so huge and massive that no ordinary man could pick it up and hold it). Then, for good measure, Beowulf walks towards Grendels body and with his sward thats blessed with Giant magic, slices off Grendels head. After the fierce battle that he had won, Beowulf had to say goodbye to Hrothgar, but he goes home and tells his father of the great, epic journey he had taken. After the battle he had won Hrothgar had also presented Beowulf with more treasure than he has ever imagined. Beowulf had also told the Geats that if they are ever in rouble again or just need his help, that he will be there once again when they need him to be. That is the end of the first part of the story of Beowulf, the second part is about Beowulf when hes already been the king of the Geats for about 50 years and a guy steals a jewelled cup from a dragon and the dragon gets really mad and starts burning down everything in its path until it finds its cup. Then Beowulf becomes the hero once again and defeats the dragon. Though after the battle with the dragon, Beowulf dies and in his honor his best friend builds a tower for him and calls it â€Å"Beowulfs Tower†. Sites: beowulfepic. com/ http://csis. pace. edu/grendel/projf981e/story. html

Romantic Gestures for Long-Distance Relationships

Romantic Gestures for Long-Distance Relationships Dealing with a long-distance relationship? Wish you could do something that, despite the distance, lets your significant other feel like youre right there beside them? Check out these 5 places to start. Send flowers. It sounds old and cheesy, but it works. And you dont have to be sending flowers to a girl to make it work, either. Practically everyone including guys loves receiving flowers, and most florists offer arrangements specifically for the masculine type. An unexpected bouquet can cheer up someone and make them feel loved and appreciated for days on end.Send a care package. Who in college doesnt love a care package? It can be baked goods, music, or special mementos that celebrate your relationship. But no matter what it is, a care package is guaranteed to let someone know how you feel about them.Make and send a video. It can be sappy. It can be funny. It can be a video of you talking. It can be a video of things you guys have done together. It can even be a montage of photographs of the two of you over the course of your relationship. Regardless, it will be appreciated and cherished.Make a good, quality phone call. Amidst all you both have to do, spending a solid hour (or m ore!) on the phone, without distraction, can do wonders for your relationship. Making the time to have a phone date of sorts just may be enough to feel like youre not so far apart after all. Plan a surprise visit. It doesnt have to be for this weekend, and it may be months away. But knowing that a surprise visit is coming will warm your heart in the meantime and mean everything to your boyfriend or girlfriend when you arrive. (If you do go last minute, however, make sure you know how to get the best deals for college students.)

MHE503 Survey of Emergency and Disaster Mgt Module 3 SLP Essay

MHE503 Survey of Emergency and Disaster Mgt Module 3 SLP - Essay Example The Philippine center for weather forecasting which is known as PAGASA (Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration) has been noted for its lack of necessary gadgets to increase the accuracy of weather forecasting in the country.2 Investing on the development of the said process through creating possibilities for PAGASA's capabilities to release notable information that could help emergency disaster departments to evacuate people and several properties away from the possible affected area could actually make the inclined weather forecasting goal a reality. Navigation and monitoring procedures, again, needs high tech gadgets that could aid the process. In this regard, it is highly recommended that the Philippine government be able to find better ways to invest on their technological applications used towards implicating emergency calls and warnings to protect their people's values and properties; after all, the benefits of this particular investment could save the country some hundreds and even thousands of dollars that could be greatly a huge saving for the said country. 3 Being able to monitor areas that are to be added in the hot spot of disaster and calamities in the country could allow emergency agencies to handle possible accidents in the future with a much controllable process saving lives and properties that could worth millions. 2. Identify and briefly describe at least one additional measure that has not been implemented which would mitigate against your selected disaster. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT: as noted from the given suggestions above, technological advancement is a major process of development that could be utilized by the Philippine government so as to increase the level of alert and warning signals that could be given to evacuate the people and the properties that could still be saved away from the coming tragedy. True, if the occurrence of natural disasters could not be avoided, at least keeping the people and the properties safe away from the possible damages that they may cause could be a better option to take into consideration. 3. Evaluate this mitigation strategy using FEMA's criteria discussed in the Module 3 home page. According to FEMA's database, flood and mass movement disasters such as landslides are rather forced through the existence of storms that are highly uncontrollable. FEMA further notes the need to have an accurate pre-forecasting process that would allow weather forecasters and emergency control managers the kind of alert that they need to have to be able to find better chances of evacuating and preparing areas of target. This could be further gained through the application

Project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 3

Project management - Essay Example t on various dimensions which include limitations of available risk identification methods and optimization, examples of risks, use of Critical Chain methodology in event organization and evaluation of waterfall and agile methodologies Evaluate advantages and limitations of the available risk identification methods and conclude on an optimal, well-balanced combination of them to be used in a project of your choice. (20) Provide 3 examples of potential risks that could be obtained through each of the techniques in such an ‘optimised’, project-tailored list Key characteristics exist in any project. For instance in this case, consideration of installation of selling and purchasing software in an organization is ideal in explaining the attributes relative to project management. In essence, installation of a software that tracks, ordering, invoicing, payment and dispatch of goods in an organization is a complex process which should be guided by the principles relative to project management in a bid to attain the set goals. In any project, the element of management is inevitable and it is guided by the various tools and principles. Some of them include SMART and PESTEL (COVELLO & MERKHOFER, 1993). Consideration of SMART helps in understanding the key features of a project. Consider the following illustration. The process of project management as mentioned earlier is definitive in nature in the sense that it has a beginning point and an end. This implies that the attributes of specificity, measurability, relevancy and attainability crowns the aspect of timing of a project. It is imperative to note that, the numerous uncertainties stand a chance to occur during this process and this explains the necessity of the risk identification (KENDRICK, 2009). When the risks are identified earlier, the requisite intervention measures are carried out in time and this ensures that the process of the project flows smoothly. Essentially, when risks occur in a project process,

Organisation Theories Theories of Change and Change Management Essay

Organisation Theories Theories of Change and Change Management - Essay Example The dynamic nature of the modern business environment has also necessitated the rise of theories of organizational change and change management, to guide businesses as they seek to transform their operations from the initial methods of management to the new and more efficient ones. The theories of change and change management have also become relevant in guiding businesses during transitioning to different locations. The success of any organization depends on how well the organization is able to manage change in order to refocus its operations to suit the existing business environment, as well as the expected future changes in the business environment. The relevance of organizational theories to businesses is that they do not only help organizations to plan and strategize for success but also guide the organizations on how they should allocate resources optimally (Sharma, 2007). The early organizational theories were highly bureaucratic, but the ever dynamic business environment has resulted in the creation of more multidimensional organizational theories and theories of change management. This discussion seeks to establish how organization theories and theories of change and change management can help Wates Group Construction company understand and influence its environment for success. Wates Group Construction Company incurred a profit loss of 48% in 2012 arising from its restructuring reforms and changes in the business environment in the UK construction industry (Hurst, 2013).

Morgan Motor Company Case Study

Morgan Motor Company Case Study Automobile industry has a long history, since 19th century it has been continuously developed. The auto industry is often thought of as one of the most global of all industries. Its products have spread around the world, and it is dominated by a small number of companies with worldwide recognition. In this assignment I am going to discuss Morgan Motor companys strategic position which includes: marketing position, culture of the company, competitiveness and the future development. Profile of the Company The Morgan Motor Company is unique in building cars in England since 1909 and still being privately owned by the Morgan family. Indeed in its 100-year existence only three Morgans have headed the company. Since the first four-wheeled car in 1936 the factory has only built sports cars. The traditional Morgan is still being built using the separate steel chassis, with an ash body frame panelled in aluminium, but using excellent modern drive trains from Ford. This combines the pleasure of driving a real classic with a modern day performance and new car reliability. The launch of the all new Morgan Aero 8 in 2001 was the first all new Model since 1936. It was also an all aluminium super car incorporating the very best of British race car chassis technology in a stunning road car. Powered by a BMW 4.4 V8 the Aeros bonded aluminium chassis followed the Morgan tradition of great strength yet lightweight. Built alongside the traditional cars, the Aero 8 is proving its outstanding competence to a new breed of Morgan owners. The product market mission Morgan is unique in a car industry. They consistently keep making the hand- made and ash-framed cars. They dont have as much customers as other car companies and its niche market is relatively small than others. Their output is also small in comparison with other car brands. Morgan is not trying to change its cars to more modern cars and to increase its production number, this is what gives Morgan its uniqueness. If they start producing more modern cars and increase its output they may loos its uniqueness. This does not mean that Morgan is consistently using the same technology of producing cars as they used to, they are continually improving the quality. Morgan is a niche operator and it does not compete with others. If they moderate their production with increasing the output and produce more modern cars they will face the competition with other car manufacturers. They are always staying at the position they are now and keeping the same strategy, if they keep doing this they will n ot have many competitors in the market. There are number of approaches to understand the product market mission in deep. I will discuss some of them below. Porters Generic Strategy Porter (1980, 1985) suggested that some of the most basic choices faced by companies are essentially the scope of the markets that the company would serve and how the company would compete in the selected markets. Competitive strategies focus on ways in which a company can achieve the most advantageous position that it possibly can in its industry (Pearson, 1999). According to Porter, there are three generic strategies that a company can undertake to attain competitive advantage: cost leadership, differentiation, and focus. Focus Companies that use Focus strategies concentrate on particular niche markets and, by understanding the dynamics of that market and the unique needs of customers within it, develop uniquely low cost or well-specified products for the market. In Porters Generic Strategy model Morgan Motors can be placed in differentiation focus, because Morgan cars price is quite high so it can not follow the cost leadership strategy, they are not selling their product in a standard market price. Morgan do deliver high quality product and service, their cars are unique in car industry market, as already mentioned above, Morgan is the oldest hand-made car manufacturer. The company concentrates on a particular niche market and is different from other mass production car manufacturers. Parnells Idea Parnell suggested that valuable resource is more important for the company than cost leadership and differentiation. He believed that valuable resources could help the company to achieve more success. He said that if company can have inimitable, rare and valuable resources it could help the company to gain the competitive advantage. Organizations possessing rare, valuable and inimitable resources possess a greater capability to perform a strong value proposition than those without such resources (Parnell, 2006) In case of Morgan the idea of Parnell can be aplicable because Morgan uses valuable resources and they are inimitable. What are their valuable resources and what makes them to be inimitable will be discused after. Strategy Clock The strategy clock is another appropriate way to analyze a companys competitive position to cost or differentiation advantages (Bowman Faulkner, 1996). The strategy clock uses differentiation and focused differentiation in a similar manner to that of the generic strategy model. As it is already explained above in Porters Generic Strategy Morgan Motors in Strategy Clock takes the same place which is the focused differentiation. Morgan Motors product price is high and the market niche is relatively small it concentrates on particular niche market. Customers perceived value is also high. Strategy Cube A model that allows the discussion of competitive strategy from both market and resource perspectives has been described by Jenkins (2004). A framework is proposed in which products/services are described by three variables: Relative level of consumer perceived product benefits Relative product price to the customer Relative product cost to the producer If we compare the cube with porters generic strategy and strategy clock point A in the cube is similar to Differentiation Focus in above mentioned models, which means that the companies which are placed in this point has got high price, high benefits, particular market niche. The point E is similar to Cost Focus in Porters generic strategy and it is similar to 1 and 2 positions in strategic clock. In the case of Morgan Motors Company in this model it is positioned in a point A because of its high cost, high perceived benefits, low market niche and high price. The Cultural Web, which I will discuss below will help us to understand the Companys culture. The Cultural Web identifies six interrelated elements that help to make up what Johnson and Scholes call the paradigm the pattern or model of the work environment. By analyzing the factors in each, the companies can begin to see the bigger picture of their culture: what is working, what isnt working, and what needs to be changed. The six elements are: Stories Rituals and Routines Symbols Organizational Structure Control Systems Power Structures Company has been owned by Morgan family since it has been established. Company has about 150 employees. The managers seat together with the employees on a traditional tea break and talk with them, this is the way to know better all employees and share their thoughts. For the Company it is very important to have high skilled staff. Company is situated at the same place as it was since it has been established, most of the employees have worked for the Company for more than ten years, mainly the employees are from the same area and moreover they are from the same family. All the employees have a very close relationship with each other. All this makes the Company to have a different culture from other manufacturers. The activities and the resources of the Company Value chain analyses The value chain framework of Porter (1990) is an interdependent system or network of activities, connected by linkages. When the system is managed carefully, the linkages can be a vital source of competitive advantage (Pathania-Jain, 2001). In order to conduct the value chain analysis, the company is split into primary and support activities. The primary and secondary activities of the firm are discussed in detail below. Primary activities The primary activities (Porter, 1985) of the company include the following: Inbound logistics These are the activities concerned with receiving the materials from suppliers, storing these externally sourced materials, and handling them within the firm. Morgan is using high standard and high quality materials. Morgan always keep improving their quality and they are continuing using the aluminium and recently they bought the BMWs engine to make their cars better and faster. Operations These are the activities related to the production of products and services. Morgan cars since the Company has established are made by hand with ash-frame. This is what makes Morgan cars so special and valuable. All Morgan cars are different from each other, they are made according the taste of the customer. Comparing to other car manufacturers, to produce Morgan cars takes much longer time, but this doesnt make to shorten their customer waiting list and people are still keen to get Morgan car which can be made according to their taste. Outbound logistics These are all the activities concerned with distributing the final product and/or service to the customers. As it is already described above, because of Morgan car is made by hand, it takes much longer time than other car manufacturers. The waiting time till Morgan car is finished is between one and two years, but sometimes it takes much longer to collect the car to its final face. Morgan has only one plant, but it has dealers all over the world what makes much easier for the customers to get their car more conveniently. Marketing and sales This functional area essentially analyses the needs and wants of customers and is responsible for creating awareness among the target audience of the company about the firms products and services. Morgan Company doesnt do many marketing activities. For many people the brand still can be unknown. It is because of its low productivity, but their uniqueness and brand still brings them enough customers. It is obvious from their waiting list. Demand is much higher than supply. Service There is often a need to provide services like pre-installation or after-sales service before or after the sale of the product or service. Support activities The support activities of a company include the following: Procurement This function is responsible for purchasing the materials that are necessary for the companys operations. Human Resource Management This is a function concerned with recruiting, training, motivating and rewarding the workforce of the company. For Morgan well trained and high skilled employees are very important as it is for many Companies. As in many Companies Morgan also has the training programs to develop their employee skills. As above mentioned there are around 150 employees in Morgan Company and all of them are in a good relationship with each other. The heads of the Company is also trying to have a good relationship with each of their staff member and to share their thoughts with each other. Technology Development This is an area that is concerned with technological innovation, training and knowledge that is crucial for most companies today in order to survive. Morgan consistently is improving their product and technologies. For example: launching the Aero 8 model, and purchasing the BMWs engine to make their cars much comfortable and faster. Firm Infrastructure This includes planning and control systems, such as finance, accounting, and corporate strategy etc. (Lynch, 2003). The value chain should be analysed with the core competence of the company at its very heart (Macmillan et al, 2003). Resource Based View The resource-based view theory is based on the assumption that a competitive advantage is the result of optimal resource allocation and combination in imperfect markets. Resources are assets, skills, and capabilities. The resources leading to competitive advantages have to be scarce, valuable, non substitutable and it has to be hard to imitate them (Barney, 1991). In case of Morgan, the resources they are using are very special, high quality and valuable. They pay very big attention of the quality they are producing, using high quality materials to produce cars. The Morgan car has always been built around an ash-frame, and a steel chassis. The new Aero 8 also has an ash frame. This gives unique strength, flexibility and surprisingly, research showed that the frame made the car safer on impact tests. There are approx 50,000 colours to choose from. There are many things that makes Morgan cars so special. Its uniqueness in a world of look-alike cars. Its handmade quality the use of wood in many areas of construction long standingÂÂ   hands-on craftsmanship displayed in the bodywork and interior by the highly skilled workforce. Ability to tailor a model to the customers exact requirements. Most of the components of Morgan cars are made in-house. All this gives to Morgan to be inimitable. VRIO Analyses Given that almost anything a firm possesses can be considered a resource or capability how should you attempt to narrow down the ones that explain why firm performance differs? In order to lead to a sustainable competitive advantage a resource or capability should be Valuable, Rare, Inimitable, and Organized. Value: Rarity: Materials (Ash tree) 1. Limited edition Reputation 2. Rare materials Craft skill 3. Design High experienced workers 4. Unique cars 5. Choice of colour Inimitable: Organization: Skilled workers 1. Strategy Design 2. Tea break Materials 3. Friendly atmosphere Brand name The competitive context of the Company Five Forces The ideas and models which emerged during the period from 1979 to the mid-1980s (Porter, 1998) were based on the idea that competitive advantage came from the ability to earn a return on investment that was better than the average for the industry sector (Thurlby, 1998). The original competitive forces model, as proposed by Porter (1998), identified five forces which would impact on an organizations behaviour in a competitive market. These include the following: The rivalry between existing sellers in the market. The power exerted by the customers in the market. The impact of the suppliers on the sellers. The potential threat of new sellers entering the market. The threat of substitute products becoming available in the market. Understanding the nature of each of these forces gives organizations the necessary insights to enable them to formulate the appropriate strategies to be successful in their market (Thurlby, 1998). Force 1: The Degree of Rivalry. Force 2: The Threat of Entry. Force 3: The Threat of Substitutes. Force 4: Buyer Power. Force 5: Supplier Power. The rivalry in global automotive industry is very intense. However in the case of Morgan Motors, the Company is very unique and only the one in automotive industry with its old fashioned hand made cars. Morgan doesnt have competitors and there is no rivalry between Morgan Motors and other car manufacturers. There is no substitute of Morgan cars. The threat of substitutes to the automotive industry is quite mild, numerous of other car manufacturers are competing with each other in the global car industry, but none of them offer the same kind of cars as Morgan does. None of them can offer to customers the hand- made, with an ash body frame panelled in aluminium, the classic old fashioned and herewith modern car, which can be made with the taste of customer. Entry barriers exist whenever it is difficult or not economically feasible for an outsider to replicate the incumbents position (Porter, 1980b; Sanderson, 1998). In the case of Morgan as I have already mentioned before it has a long history with its unique production, the Company has already obtained a solid position on the market and from my point of view it will be hard and not feasible for new entrants to replicate them. PESTEL Analyses PESTEL Analyses help organizations to analyse factors such as tax changes, new laws, trade barriers, demographic change and government policy changes. PESTEL stands for: Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal. PESTEL analysis is a useful strategic tool for understanding market growth or decline, business position, potential and direction for operations (Kotler, 1998). PESTEL analyses also ensures that companys performance is aligned positively with the powerful forces of change that are affecting business environment (Porter, 1985). Typical PESTEL factors to consider include: (P)olitical e.g. international trade, taxation policy (E)conomic e.g. interest rates, exchange rates, national income, inflation, unemployment (S)ocial e.g. ageing population, attitudes to work, income distribution (T)echnological e.g. innovation, new product development, rate of technological obsolescence (E)nvironmental e.g. global warming, environmental issues (L)egal e.g. competition law, health and safety, employment law Applying PESTEL to Morgan Motors Political: Political decisions can impact on many vital areas for business, but in case of Morgan the political factor does not impact on the companys environment. Question 2 Product Life Cycle The typical Product Life Cycle consists of five main aspects. Product development Introduction Growth Maturity Decline The Product Life Cycle begins with product development, during which time the firm devises and creates a new product (Kotler and Armstrong, 2004). The introduction of a new product onto the market is typically characterised by very slow sales, which may grow only very slightly over a long period of time. (Porter, 1980; 1985; Kotler et al., 1996; Blackwell et al., 2001; Grant, 2002; Kotler and Armstrong, 2004). The growth stage in the PLC typically involves a rapid growth in sales as early adopters replace pioneers as the main consumer group.ÂÂ   The maturity stage in the PLC is a key point for a firm because it marks the turning point in the products success.ÂÂ  Morgan Motor Company in Product Life Cycle takes Maturity stage.